Cell proliferation
The cell cycle is divided into four phases. M phase (M is the abbreviation of mitosis "mitosis"), the chromatin is condensed into chromosomes, and the two chromatins that make up the chromosome are separated into two daughter cells;
In the G1 phase (G is the abbreviation of "gap"), the cell either progresses towards DNA synthesis, enters the next cell division cycle, or reversibly exits the cell cycle, stays in the Go phase (quiescent phase of cell division), or irreversibly Entering the differentiation stage, there are some check points in the G1 phase, which have the effect of controlling the cell cycle cycle process, determining whether the cell re-enters the cell cycle or exits the cell cycle for differentiation; immediately after the G1 phase is the S phase, which is DNA During the synthesis period, DNA is copied during this period;
After the S phase is the G2 phase, which is the preparation stage before cell division. In the stage of DNA synthesis, the C2 stage controls the integrity of the DNA and ensures the completion of DNA repair in the cell cycle.If the DNA cannot be repaired, the cell Apoptosis occurs. Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death [al-Rubeai and Singh, 1998], is a controlled physiological process to eliminate abnormal and damaged cells in a population. Features of apoptosis include DNA fragmentation, nucleus vesicularization, cell shrinkage, etc. Some labeling enzymes can also be measured by kits such as Apotag (Oncor), or analyzed by COMET to identify apoptosis [Maskell and Green, 1995 ].
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