According to a report from NASA, NASA ’s Curiosity rover will land on the surface of Mars in two weeks, and it will start a magnificent Mars survey plan. But Mars does not lack mysteries to be discovered, so what instruments will we use to reveal these mysteries?
Meteorological station: responsible for measuring environmental variables and generating daily reports. This will be the first continuous record of Martian weather. In addition, the generated weather report will also guide the operation of the rover.
Laser induced breakdown spectrometer: it can burn holes in rocks and soil, and detect the chemical composition of rocks and soil at a long distance. The longest working distance of the device can reach 7 meters.
Color camera group: It can shoot the surrounding environment with high resolution, and can also shoot the surface structure of rocks and soil. Through these images, scientists can reproduce the formation of these rocks and soil
Chemical-mineral analyzer: X-rays can be used to irradiate extremely fine powder samples to form a diffraction pattern. With this diffraction pattern, scientists can confirm the type of all minerals. The spectrometer on the previous lander can only identify certain types of minerals, such as iron-bearing ores.
Manipulator: It can be extended to 2 meters in length, carrying a 30-kilogram precision device, used for digging holes and crushing rocks. It is also equipped with a set of sieves to screen powder samples for the experimental instruments carried on the rover.
Alpha particle X-ray spectrometer: used to detect the chemical composition of rocks and soil in situ.
Mars Sample Analysis System (SAM): This instrument can perform chemical analysis. It has a small furnace, which can directly ignite the Martian material, or add chemical flux to heat it to make the gas escape; then, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyzes the escaped gas, focusing on organic carbon. The instrument can also extract samples directly from the atmosphere.
Radiation sensor: responsible for monitoring solar radiation and cosmic radiation.
Active neutron spectrometer (active neutronspectrometer): can confirm whether there is water in the rocks and soil under the rover.
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