General method of antigen purification

General method of antigen purification

There are many methods for purifying antigenic substances. The general methods for purifying antigens are described below.

1. Purification of antigens such as microorganisms, rickettsoids, mycoplasma and viruses

First, the purified strain or strain should be isolated, and the strain or strain should be identified by biochemistry, serology, ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, electron microscope observation, etc., and then the signed purified strain or strain should be biologically identified. Learn to reproduce, and then purify the required strains and virus strains at an appropriate time to obtain a large amount of materials, and finally identify them and determine their concentrations.

Pay special attention to the following points here: 1. Whether the material itself is stable, if it is not stable, it is necessary to find the conditions that make it stable; 2. Whether the material is easy to purify from the host, whether the interest rate is high, try to find a purification with a high interest rate Method; 3. Whether the material itself has strong immunogenicity (ie, antigenicity) and whether the material obtained after purification has lost its immunogenicity. Try to find a material with strong immunogenicity as an antigen, and the purification method should not damage the biological material The premise is activity and antigenicity.

Therefore, when purifying antigens such as microorganisms, you must be familiar with the nature of the material, understand the propagation method of the material, and master the purification method of the antigen. You must know the purification equipment and functions of the working environment. In short, antigens such as microorganisms cannot be purified rashly.

2. Purification of various protein components (such as hormones and enzymes) in animal and plant (including human) organs and tissues as antigens

It is necessary to resolve the separation of these proteins or protein complexes from other components in organs and tissues, and to ensure that the required proteins or protein complexes are not denatured by the purification process and affect the immunogenicity. Therefore, familiarity with the physicochemical properties of the purified protein or protein complex and mastering the necessary biochemical experimental techniques are the prerequisites for obtaining protein antigens in organ tissues. The purity of this antigen substance must also be determined, and the concentration must be determined.