At about 15:00 on April 9, a fire broke out in the Textile Building of Xining City, Qinghai Province. The fire once again sounded the alarm for us to prevent fire. At the scene of the fire, in addition to the timely rescue of firefighters, escape signs in the building are particularly important. Especially in the case of power failure and darkness on the scene, the indicator with high-intensity reflective performance can guide people to quickly escape the danger according to the safe route. It can be said that the quality of the retroreflective materials used to make escape signs is directly related to the safety of people's lives.
Retroreflective material is a thin film material made of glass microbeads or microprisms using the principles of optical refraction and reflection. It is a new type of passive illumination passive optical device. This material has the function of returning most of the incident light irradiated on it according to the original incident direction and improving its own visibility. It has obvious advantages such as high reflective intensity, energy saving and explosion protection, so it is widely used in road traffic, aviation management and mining Tunnels play an important role in avoiding explosions and emergency escapes.
According to Zheng Chundi of the Institute of Optics of the Chinese Academy of Metrology, according to a foreign statistic, bright road signs and pedestrian clothing give drivers good conditional reflection, use reflective materials to set eye-catching traffic signs, vehicle license plates, and wear reflective materials Clothing can reduce the accident rate by 30% to 40%. "It can be said that the performance of retroreflective materials is closely related to production and traffic safety."
According to reports, China is a major producer and exporter of retroreflective materials, with an annual output value of nearly 600 million yuan. With the increase of the government's safety efforts and the improvement of people's safety awareness, the application of retroreflective materials has not only been limited to road traffic, but has also been widely used in mining, firefighting, emergency rescue, rescue, sanitation, municipal, construction and other industries. According to Zheng Chundi, China has different standard requirements for the reflection intensity of retro-reflective materials for road signs on highways of different grades. "For example, when the vehicle speed is 100 kilometers per hour, the driver usually needs a distance of at least 380 meters to accurately identify the traffic sign and respond quickly. If the reflective strength of the retroreflective material used to make the traffic sign is not enough, the quality is not up to standard , Drivers may only see the traffic signs at a distance of 100 meters, which may lead to traffic accidents. "Therefore, people are paying more attention to how to achieve the high requirements for the high reflectivity of road warning sign materials. The accurate measurement of the material's retroreflective coefficient makes it able to play a significant safety warning role in related fields.
According to reports, domestic related industries have established devices for measuring the performance parameters of retroreflective materials in different ways, but the stability and measurement accuracy of the instrument are uneven, and even different laboratory test results on the same sample are inconsistent. . Due to the lack of a unified national standard for the measurement of retroreflective coefficients and measurement devices, the performance evaluation and measurement accuracy of products by manufacturers cannot be determined, which may easily lead to international trade disputes and bring unnecessary losses to enterprises.
After 4 years, the research team of the China Institute of Metrology led by Zheng Chundi finally completed the "Establishment and Research of Retroreflection Coefficient Measuring Device". The retroreflection coefficient measuring device developed by the project has successfully achieved the high accuracy measurement and calibration of the material's retroreflection coefficient in China. The uncertainty of the measurement results reaches 3.6% (k = 2); the device uses light intensity standard lamp pair to measure The system traces the value and studies and implements the illuminance measurement method of the retroreflection coefficient; the project team also developed two types of retroreflective standard samples of 100mm × 100mm and 200mm × 200mm, and the uniformity of the samples reached 1%. Manufacturers or users can use the retroreflective standard samples to quickly and conveniently transfer values ​​and calibrate instruments, which greatly improves the production efficiency of the enterprise.
Relevant persons commented that the establishment of the device provided accurate and reliable quantity traceability guarantee for the product quality control and conformity assessment of retroreflective devices in China, and solved the long-term problem of inconsistency in the measurement and performance evaluation of retroreflective materials in China; At the same time, the institute will carry out international comparisons so that China's test results, inspection reports and certificates will be unanimously recognized by international peers, providing effective technical guarantee for China's import and export of retroreflective materials, and further improving the internationalization of China's retroreflective products Competitiveness.
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