Editor's note: Although silicon dominates the microelectronics and photovoltaic industries, it has long been considered unsuitable for the manufacture of light-emitting diodes. However, a few days ago, researchers in Germany and Canada used silicon nanocrystals to successfully manufacture high-efficiency silicon-based light-emitting diodes, which do not contain heavy metals but can emit light in multiple colors. This color silicon-based light-emitting diode also has the advantage of not containing any heavy metals, and the earth has abundant silicon reserves and low cost, which is more conducive to the further development of silicon-based light-emitting diodes.
According to the physicist organization network reported on February 18, the size of silicon nanocrystals is only a few nanometers, but it has a high luminous potential. Now, researchers from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany and the University of Toronto in Canada have successfully manufactured highly efficient silicon-based light-emitting diodes (SiLEDs) with silicon nanocrystals. Color light. Related research reports were published in the recently published "Nano Express" magazine.
Although silicon dominates the microelectronics and photovoltaic industries, it has long been considered unsuitable for the manufacture of light-emitting diodes. However, this is not true at the nanometer scale. Tiny silicon nanocrystals composed of hundreds or thousands of atoms can generate light and have great potential to become efficient light emitters. So far, the manufacture of silicon-based light-emitting diodes has been limited to the visible spectral range of red and near infrared, so it is absolutely novel to manufacture diodes that can emit colored light.
KIT scientists discovered that by using monodisperse nanoparticles of different sizes, the color of the light emitted by the diode can be changed. It can be tuned from the deep red spectral region to the orange spectral region, and the external quantum efficiency can also reach 1.1%. It is worth mentioning that the silicon-based light-emitting diodes produced have surprisingly long-term stability, which has never been achieved before. The increase in operating component life is due to the use of only nanoparticles of the same size, which can effectively enhance the stability of sensitive thin-film components, and oversize particles that can cause short circuits are excluded.
This color silicon-based light-emitting diode also has the advantage of not containing any heavy metals. Unlike other research groups that use cadmium selenide, cadmium sulfide, or lead sulfide, the silicon nanoparticles used by the research team this time are completely non-toxic, and the earth has abundant silicon reserves and low cost, which is more conducive to the further development of silicon-based light-emitting diodes. development of.
In addition, the eye-catching aspect of the new LED is also the homogeneity of its light-emitting area. Researchers said that as liquid-treated silicon-based light-emitting diodes may be manufactured in large quantities at low cost, nanoparticle "populations" will also enter new fields, and the related potential will be difficult to estimate, and the description of semiconductor components in textbooks may be Will also be rewritten.
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