Organize the 20-character backpack: the top and bottom light, the soft object back, the back first, the emergency most, and the right and left.
In the wild, it is often necessary to take water from nature, and the water quality is difficult to guarantee. You can use the method shown in the illustration to clean the water.
Safety with our Bank - Are you ready for this trip? Choose your target location according to your hobbies, funds, physical condition, weather conditions, and peer conditions. Pre-departure preparation 1. Master destination information as much as possible Information: Information such as climate, civil status, terrain, vehicle condition, accommodation and other information. 2. List the equipment list. According to the travel time and destination conditions, prepare:
Documents: tickets, tickets, documents, travel guides, maps, notebooks, contacts.
Appliances: mobile phones, cameras, batteries, film, chargers, watches, flashlights, etc.
Wear categories: clothing and changing clothes, swimwear, sunglasses, hats, rain gear, gloves, waterproof slippers, comfortable travel shoes.
Hygiene products: toiletries, personal hygiene products, cosmetics, sun protection products, etc.
Food categories: drinks, food. Fruits should be washed and disinfected and put into food bags. Tableware should be hygienic and convenient, with covered cups, kettles, spare food bags and garbage bags.
Drugs: bandages, bandages, analgesics, cold medicines, antibiotics, drugs for the treatment of diarrhea, allergies, bleaching powder for clean water, potassium permanganate for disinfection, personal medicines.
Professional equipment: According to the destination to prepare the corresponding equipment such as mountaineering accounts, ropes and so on.
Wild First Aid Box:
It is best to choose an aluminum or stainless steel lunch box (preferably with a handle). Can be used to lift water, heat, snow. At the same time, the metal lid of the lunch box can be used as a mirror, and at the critical moment, a distress signal can be issued.
Multi-function folding knife: including knives, screwdrivers, screwdrivers, scissors, as well as tweezers, sickles, etc., some also with a magnifying glass!
Sewing kits: In addition to stitching, the needles can also be pricked, or bent into fishing hooks (of course, at least two fishing lines are included in the sewing kit).
Match: Bring a waterproof match. If you can not buy ordinary match made: melt the candle, evenly coated on the ordinary match, when used, the wax on the head of the match can be removed. Phosphorus (used for wiping matches) must not be forgotten. Put them in an empty film box.
Candles: Candles without batteries are absolutely useful in the wild. In addition to lighting, candles can also be warmed and ignited. Cut a bottle of mineral water into the bottom to make a lampshade, and you have a windproof lamp.
Survival whistle: This is a normal whistle. Use a whistle to spur rescue or scare off small beasts (if tigers, bears, and other beasts do not use whistles!).
Aluminum film: Prepare a 2x2 meter aluminized film, gold and silver. It can be used to prevent wind and rain. It is used as a pergola to prevent direct sunlight. It is laid on the floor of the floor and wrapped around the body.
The compass: Even with GPS, the watch has an electronic compass. The original compass is still essential.
Medical tape: As a quick repair agent. When the coat is scratched and the tent is blown, it can be used to function.
Dovetail clips: Dozens of office supplies dovetail clips. In the wild, it can be used to clip broken backpacks, open pants, and off-shoe shoes.
Pencil: It is recommended to choose pencils with 2B or more.
Paper: The best thing is to paste, white is better.
Several bottles: Place salt, fruit sugar, and vitamin C, respectively. At a critical point, they are life-saving medicine.
Waterproof sealed bag: Put a waterproof sealed bag on the outside of the first aid box (if there is no professional waterproof bag, use a refrigerator to seal the bag).
3. Organize the backpack to follow the principle of easy-to-use and easy-to-get, and organize the backpack's 20-character scriptures: Heavy and light, soft objects on the back, first on the back, emergency on the outside, and left and right.
Under heavy weight: heavy objects (such as food, tents), and frequently used and easily damaged items should be placed on the upper part of the backpack that is easier to get, and light objects (such as sleeping bags, clothing, etc.) should be placed on the lower part.
Soft objects stick back: Softer items such as clothes can be placed near the back so that they are comfortable when worn.
After the first use: Some items must be used after camping, should be placed at the bottom, such as sleeping bags, replacement clothing and so on.
Emergency Most Outside: Some emergency supplies, such as flashlights, medicines and raincoats, should be placed on the highest and the outermost for easy access.
Right and left symmetry: the weight of the backpack must be balanced, to prevent the backpack from swinging around, affecting the body's center of gravity.
4. Remember before you go...
Do not follow the leader who has no sense of responsibility and lack of experience.
Do not participate in the expedition of more than one-third of the novice mountaineering team.
Do not look for a sense of responsibility, and stay behind for people who do not know enough about outdoor activities or plans.
The itinerary and plan must be complete and complete. Every team member should thoroughly understand it.
Copy one copy of the itinerary and companion information to your family, friends or the team of the event. In the event of an accident or failure to complete the journey on time, they can notify the police and seek assistance.
In general, you should train your physical abilities and skills, learn help and first-aid skills, and reduce casualties in the event of an accident.
When climbing, there should be complete and necessary equipment and adequate food.
For long-distance and difficult activities, health checks should be conducted before departure, especially for people who rarely exercise on weekdays, and they need to be checked carefully.
When people are on the way, we need to pay attention...
1 From the uphill to the downhill, they must report their whereabouts to their staff or their families at any time.
2 If not necessary, do not arbitrarily change the activity plan.
3 Before and after entering the activity area, attention should be paid to meteorological data and changes.
4 For each mountain, regardless of altitude and difficulty level, you must not take it lightly.
5 The mountaineering team cannot pull too long and should always maintain the situation that can be echoed before and after. Do not act alone.
6 Do not attempt high-risk activities such as rock climbing without proper training. Do not force or overestimate your ability.
7 Note the warning signs erected in the mountains and follow their instructions.
8 When you are lost, you should return to the original road, or seek refuge in a safe place with a high ground, reduce the consumption of physical strength, and send a message for help in time and wait for rescue.
9 Do not litter the cigarette butt, strictly control the fire during outdoor activities, and completely extinguish the campfire when you leave.
10 When facing pressures such as crisis and fatigue, always pay attention to the psychological changes of yourself and teammates and try to maintain a balance of emotions.
11 When you are in trouble, maintaining body temperature is your top priority. Don't let your body and clothing get wet so that you don’t lose body temperature.
12 Never avoid climbing in a valley without roads, or descend along a stream. It is also not possible to make a rush in the deep mountains without obvious paths. It is best to go forward along the predecessor's signs and mark them along the way in order to return.
13 Never pick wild plants and touch strange animals or insects.
14 Pay attention to environmental protection.
15 A summary of the activity after the event is completed will help oneself and others to be safe in outdoor sports.
Pay attention to environmental protection 1 with a garbage bag. Do not throw away waste and take away everything you brought with you.
2 Do not ignite or destroy natural scenery at will.
3 Do not pollute waterways, rivers and ponds.
4 Do not damage wild plants and birds and animals.
5 Must take good care of public facilities and do not destroy crops.
6 Try to keep quiet and try not to use speakers.
7 Follow all directions from the Country Park Management Office.
The method of complex terrain marching in the mountains, in order to avoid disorientation, save physical strength, improve the speed of the march, and strive to find a way to not pass through the mountains, there is no road to take the road. When there is no road, we should choose the longitudinal hills, ridges, mountainsides, and the edge of the river stream, and the terrain where the trees are thin, the gaps are large, and the grass is low. The so-called “gap does not leave the ditch, and it does not walk horizontallyâ€.
When you are walking, you can walk without stopping. When you are tired, apply a relaxing slow pace to rest. Climb a slope that is greater than 30 degrees and use a zigzag route. When climbing a rock, be careful about identifying the texture and weathering of the rock. Degree, determine the direction and route of climbing.
Finding water sources is the source of life. Water sources can be found in the following areas/ ways:
1 At the foot of the mountain, low-lying, downstream of the reservoir, and the lowest point of dry river bed.
2 The earliest spring thawing, the latest in winter, the rapid melting after snowfall, the summertime ground is always very humid, and the mist often appears in the early morning of autumn. The water is likely to be found in these locations.
3 Places where plants such as Salix, Malian, gray vegetables, awnings and other plants grow.
4 Near mosquitoes, frogs, large ants and other habitats.
5 wild banana, cactus and other plants. Water obtained from plants is susceptible to deterioration and should not be stored for long periods of time.
6 Do not look for water in unfamiliar plants to avoid poisoning.
Cleaning Water Quality In the wild, water is often taken from nature, and water quality is difficult to guarantee. The following methods can be used to clean water.
1 Infiltration method: Dig a pit that is convenient for water intake 3 meters away from the water source, allow the water to naturally seep out from the gaps between sand, stone and soil, and carefully take water from the upper layer.
2 filter method: In the bottom of the plastic bag pierced with holes, coke bottles or tight handkerchief filled with multiple layers of clean fine sand, compaction, that is made into a simple filter. Multiple filters can increase the effect.
3 precipitation method: Add a small amount of alum in water, mix and sediment for 30 minutes, take the upper clear water.
In general, except for spring water (well water), other water quality is best to be treated after disinfection.
How to point the bonfire 1 Find flammable firelighters such as hay, pine needles, turpentine, twigs, paper, cotton and so on.
2 Pick up dry, uncorrupted trunks or branches as dry wood. Try to choose hardwoods such as pine trees.
3 Select or clear out the open space that is sheltered from the wind, flat and away from flammable materials, and build a fire pile according to local conditions. Center the firelighter and put a small amount of firewood on it, then set up a large firewood.
(4) If a firelighter is ignited, if it is not enough to ignite the firewood, the firelighter shall be added from the gap when the fire is not extinguished, until the firewood is ignited and the firewood will not be re-ignited.
In non-emergency situations, it is not recommended to ignite in the wild. Point fire should be near the water, or in the preparation of soil, sand and stone for timely fire extinguishing.
Choice of camping camps A good camping site has the following features:
1 near the water: easy to drink and wash, be careful to drink beasts at night.
2 Ground: Select a location with a high, flat, slightly inclined surface for drainage.
3 lee: the lee of the mountain, the open space on the forest or the forest side, the cave, the side of the ridge, etc.
4 Hedging: There must be no danger of falling rocks above, and camps should be built in areas with mudslides and flash floods, and empty days in thunderstorms.
5 against the beast: carefully observe whether there are beasts around the camp traces, avoiding the beasts, scattered around the campsite some ash, can prevent snakes, cockroaches, poisonous insects intrusion.
6 Environmental protection: Protect the natural environment around the camp.
Rainy day trekking knowledge 1 Rain gear should always be placed in a convenient place, such as backpack side pockets and top pockets.
2 rain immediately wear rain gear, after the wet is too late to wear, and the skin with wet and cold clothing is extremely fast.
3 Place the map in a convenient location, such as a raincoat pocket, and prepare it for splash prevention.
4 People who wear glasses can wear a baseball cap and a raincoat to cover the sight.
5 Short leggings prevent rain from sliding into the hiking boot from the trousers.
6 Drugs, negatives, matches, etc. should be waterproof.
7 The backpack should be covered with a waterproof cover, such as walking in the long-term rain, clothing inside the backpack, sleeping bags, etc. should be wrapped in waterproof bags or plastic bags.
How to Prevent Lightning Strikes A car is an excellent lightning protection facility.
2 Select caves, ditches, canyons or open spaces under tall trees.
3 If you are in the open air, stay away from isolated trees twice the height.
4 When you feel a charge, that is, when your hair rises or the skin vibrates, you should immediately fall to the ground.
5 If you dodge near an isolated projection, its top should be at least 15 meters above itself.
6 Leaving vertical walls or cliffs, avoid exposed mountains and ridges and flat open terrain.
7 Avoid ground fissures and suspended rocks.
80,000 must not be allowed to sit in the middle of scattered stones.
Fractures, traumatic bleeding, food poisoning, fractures, or dislocations are treated with splints and then cooled with ice. When falling from a height and hurting the spine, place the patient on a flat and solid stretcher to avoid shaking and send it to the hospital as soon as possible.
If it is cut by a sharp weapon, it can be washed with clean water and wrapped in gauze and hand towels. Slight hemorrhage was treated with compression and hemostasis. After one hour, it was released every 10 minutes to ensure blood circulation.
In addition to food poisoning will lead to abdominal pain, diarrhea, but also accompanied by fever and weakness and other symptoms, severe life-threatening, you should drink more salt water, but also to spit out food spit out.
The treatment by poisonous snakes and insect bites is bitten by a poisonous snake and may quickly endanger life. It must be dealt with promptly - quickly use a cloth, handkerchief, etc. to fasten the proximal end of the wound to prevent the spread of venom and then use it to eliminate poison ( The knife of the open fire cuts a blade 1 cm long and 0.5 cm deep at the wound and squeezes the venom out. Or cover the wound with a plastic bag and suck the venom out of the plastic bag with your mouth. After treatment, the patient is sent to the hospital as soon as possible and the information such as the species, appearance and size of the snake is recorded in detail.
After being bitten by insects, after applying cold compresses, ammonia-water balm is applied to the wounds. If the bees are injured, they must be removed with a pair of tweezers.
Lose yourself back 1. Keep calm: In the wild, if you are lost, you must keep calm. 2. Return to the original road: When you are lost, you will not be far away from the road. You should carefully recall the past peaks and roads. Return to the original road by memory.
3. Use animal roads: If you can judge wild animals' "beast roads" based on mountain conditions and geography, you can borrow them if necessary, but be careful about beast attacks and traps set by hunters. In general, a saddle or ridge can have animal tracks.
4. Distinguish the road: In the forests and grasslands, it is sometimes difficult to find out the way. It is only from a distance that the signs of the road can be seen vaguely. It is necessary to compare the distances and distinguish the roads.
To identify the direction in the wild, you can identify the direction by the following methods:
1 North arrow: Its N pole points to the magnetic north pole, and the magnetic declination can be detected by the latitude and longitude of the location to correct the true north.
2 Watch with a pointer: The watch is lying flat, pointing the hour hand to the sun. At this time, the 12-point angle bisect points to the south.
3 Polaris: The NorthStar is in the direction of the north. It's easier to find the Big Dipper in the night sky. Looking from the direction of the extension of the two stars on the edge of the spoon, there is a brighter star, Polaris, about 5 times apart.
4 Others: The south-facing snow melts first, and the south-facing crowns are thick.
What kind of food to eat to eliminate fatigue Fatigue after exercise and fatigue is caused by the body's sugar, fat, protein caused by the decomposition of a large number of acidic substances. At this time, it is better to eat vegetables, fruits, soy products and other basic foods containing K, Na, Ca, Mg and other elements to maintain a healthy pH.
Information for help 1 You can use whistle, flashlight and lights to send international mountain distress signal and Morse code for help.
2 The method of sending the international mountain distress signal is as follows: six signals are sent within one minute; one minute is paused; the first two steps are repeated.
3 The method for issuing the Moh’s password distress signal is as follows: Three short, three long and three short signals are issued;
4 to be able to wave brightly coloured clothing to attract the attention of rescuers or other persons;
5 If using a cell phone for help, you should first understand your location, then find a better location to send and receive signals, call the police, and then reduce unnecessary calls, so as not to waste power and prevent rescue workers from contacting you;
6 If a person is sent down for help, there should be at least two people who walk together and take care of each other, and prepare a help book to facilitate the work of the police.
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