Kinematics of a famous expert once said: "Every athlete who has at least three hurt!" But most athletes because of strict prevention and professional treatment measures, after so many athletes suffer sports injuries can quickly restore.
But for ordinary readers who love all kinds of exercises, if they are delayed due to improper handling after sports injuries, they may even leave some sequelae and affect their motor function.
In this issue, the doctors face to face specially invited to Dr. Cao Guoyong, an orthopaedic specialist of the Armed Police Chongqing Corps Hospital, to interpret how to deal with sports injury prevention and treatment for the majority of readers of the newspaper.
　　 Sports injury hazards are most likely to occur in big three groups
Sports injuries are generally divided into two types: acute injury and chronic injury. Acute injuries include muscle strains, ligament sprains , contusions, fractures , joint dislocations, and severe injuries to internal organs. Chronic injuries include chronic tendinitis, arthritis , bursitis , and fatigue fractures. If these injuries are handled improperly, they will have a great impact on our lives, work and study.
For people with good sports injuries, Cao Guoyong told reporters: “The main focus is on three categories. One category is, of course, professional athletes. The other is when our middle-aged reader friends and young people who have not been active for a long time suddenly exercise. â€
Cao Guoyong further explained that professional athletes are prone to cumulative damage because of long-term and extensive exercise, and acute injuries are caused by high-intensity and confrontational sports. For middle-aged and old-aged friends, because people are older, they have various The function of tissues and organs has undergone a significant decline, among which the respiratory function has declined most rapidly. At the same time, a series of degenerative changes have also occurred in the moving organs, such as muscle atrophy, reduced excitability, slower speed, and osteoporosis. These are easy Causes sports injuries.
In addition, there are young people who do not exercise for a long period of time and are prone to sports injuries in the event of sudden movement.
Cao Guoyong told reporters that due to lack of exercise knowledge, regular young athletes do not perform vigorous exercise without warming up, and often result in strains, sprains, and other acute sports injuries caused by inadequate preparation of muscles, joints, ligaments, and bones, or due to movement. Fight, hurt the ankle, knee or waist.
　 Preventing injuries is the key to warm-up
Cao Guoyong told reporters that for the prevention of sports injuries, we should first understand what sports injury is usually under. Cao Guoyong said that under normal circumstances, lack of preparation activities, excessive exercise, and poor physical condition are the most likely to cause sports injuries.
　 The most common reason is insufficient preparation. Inadequate preparation or lack of preparedness is one of the main causes of sports injuries. This phenomenon is common in ball games. It is put into a tight game without preparatory activities. At this time, nerves and muscles Less excitatory, slow to respond to larger stimuli. This results in less muscle and ligament strength, insufficient stretchability, limited range of joint motion, and poor physical coordination. In this case, muscle strains and joint sprains are most likely to occur. In addition, there is a certain gap between the imaginary movement and the actual physical condition. If the demand exceeds the supply, the damage will be inevitable.
　 Excessive exercise. After a long period of high-volume exercise, there is no proper rest, but it is followed by vigorous exercise. At this time, the function of the body has been greatly reduced. As a result of prolonged exercise, the body sweats more, moisture is lost, and the accumulated salt concentration in the sweat is not small. Loss of water reduces exercise capacity. Failure to supplement water and electrolytes such as Na+ and K+ in time will lead to disturbances in the electrolyte balance in the body, resulting in increased muscle excitability and muscle cramps, as well as hypoglycemia .
　 Poor physical condition. In the event of severe sleep, rest or injury, or when muscle strength or physical coordination is significantly reduced during fatigue, it may cause injury when participating in strenuous exercise or performing difficult exercises. Therefore, you must understand your physical condition before you exercise.
　 Managing sports injuries depends on the condition of the person
In the event of sports injuries, PRICE principles (Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) are applied in the acute phase. Cryotherapy is applied to acute closed soft tissues. Damage, such as contusions, sprained joint ligaments, early muscle strains, etc. This method is effective within 24 to 48 hours after the injury, but beyond this time, it should be treated with hot compresses. .
For the treatment of sports injuries, Cao Guoyong believes that the treatment of sports injuries should be personalized treatment according to each person's condition. Most sports injuries can be cured by conservative treatments, mostly physical therapy and drugs. In addition, they can also try the latest shock wave treatment. Most of the soft tissue injuries, especially chronic injuries, have a good effect.
For meniscal injury and cartilage damage, minimally invasive treatment under the joints is used, with minimal trauma and quick recovery. Patients with habitual dislocation of the shoulder joint and labrum injury using the latest minimally invasive techniques of arthroscopic surgery, in the bone in front of the affected glenoid cavity, are fitted with suture rivets, and the ruptured joint capsule is sutured carefully, and the third day after surgery Start shoulder joint activity exercise, to avoid the secondary periarthritis caused by the shoulder joint after traditional surgery , a significant effect. The knee cruciate ligament injury , the same can be used arthroscopic minimally invasive techniques for ligament reconstruction, and quickly solve the problem.
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