Automatic weather station installation, maintenance, instruction manual
I. Overview
The automatic weather station is an intelligent and high-performance automatic station designed according to the meteorological industry experience and ground meteorological observation specifications for the fixed-point monitoring of conventional meteorological environment.
Second, the automatic weather station installation requirements
1. Ground meteorological observation field
According to the principle that the observation data should have certain factor representation and stability of the underlying surface, the meteorological observatory of the land area should set up an observation site that is naturally flat on the ground and should not be placed on the building; under special conditions such as buoys and oil platforms, Set up the observation field.
2, the observation field fence
From the perspective of safety protection and industry logo, the observation site of the automatic weather station is equipped with a strong, sparse and beautiful fence. The height can be coordinated according to safety protection and the surrounding environment; the outside of the fence should be set up with warnings protected by law. brand.
3, instrument foundation
Observing instruments and facilities such as wind, temperature and humidity, and precipitation should be made of concrete foundations according to drawings.
4, underground pipeline
Instrumentation cables and power supply cables connected to the building and connected to the building are buried underground, and a branching well is set at each instrument location.
5, grounding and lightning protection engineering
Grounding and lightning protection works for observation fields and instrument facilities shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of the Meteorological Station (Station) Lightning Protection Technical Specifications.
When there is a wind beam in the observation field, a lightning rod insulated from the wind rod is arranged on the wind rod, and the down conductor is placed along the top of the wind rod with a fixed diagonal cable of the insulator, and is electrically connected with the observation site net, and the lightning rod leads down the line. The vertical position of the ground location must be made separately; in the frequent lightning areas, separate lightning receptors and vertical grounding bodies should be made as far as possible 3 meters away from the north side or west side of the wind beam.
All metal facilities such as instrument towers, instrument brackets, and instrument casings in the observation field are electrically connected to the observation site network. The grounding wire is grounded from the outside of the instrument base and must not be shared with the lightning conductor's down conductor on the grounding body.
The input end of the public power supply connected to the automatic weather station and the output end of the public network communication line must be equipped with a surge protector with good performance.
Third, the observation field instrument layout and installation
1, instrument spacing
The distance between the north and south of the instrument is not less than 2 meters, the distance between east and west is not less than 2 meters; the distance between the instrument and the fence is not less than 2 meters.
2, signal line protection
The wind, wind speed, temperature and humidity, and signal cables of the precipitation instrument must be protected by aluminum-plastic pipes. They are sent underground from the cement base of the instrument and connected to the data collector.
3, temperature and humidity sensor
When the temperature and relative humidity sensor is installed in the louver, the sensor is located on the center line of the horizontal plane inside the louver; the sensing part of the sensor needs to face the ground, and the height from the ground of the observation field is 1.5 meters.
When the temperature and humidity sensor is installed in the radiation protection cover, the cross arm of the length of 1.2 m or more shall be suspended from the end of the cross arm, and the support bar (wind or special rod) of the cross arm shall be located on the north side; When installed on the wind mast, the automatic weather station data collector is located on the north side of the wind rod, and the sensor is located in the south of the wind rod.
4, rainfall sensor
The rain sensor needs to make a concrete foundation with a top surface of 30cm*30cm; the height of the water receiving device edge is 70cm from the ground of the observation field, and the insufficient height is found with the cement foundation.
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